The quality of education that we impart to our youth and the priority at which we rate it contributes largely to the formation of the attitudes they carry over into public life.
The value and functionality of any educational system lie in its ability to actualize the goals of education. In educational systems, the world over, the examination process makes the difference. The goals of national educational systems and indeed national development become like a mirage if examination ethics is not encouraged and instituted. Till date, examinations still remain the best tool for an objective assessment and evaluation of what learners have achieved after a period of schooling. Hence, any situation that undermines examinations poses a great threat to the validity and reliability of the educational system.
The phenomenon of examination malpractice is influenced by many factors. , lack of confidence as a result of inadequate preparation, peer influence, societal influence, parental support and poor facilities in schools are some of the factors responsible for examination malpractices. Writing in the same vein, many research scholars identified school programmes, teaching-learning environment, the teacher, the student, over the value of certificates, and parental support as some factors responsible for examination malpractice in the contemporary educational system.
To avoid all this the GMAT has come out with a technique called PVBI (Palm Vein Biometric Identification).
Palm vein recognition is a biometric authentication method based on the unique patterns of veins in the palms of people’s hands.
Palm vein recognition systems, like many other biometric technologies, capture an image of a target, acquire and process image data and compare it to a stored record for that individual.
Palm vein scanning systems, like those for finger vein ID, use a technology based on the use of near-infrared rays and the way hemoglobin in the veins reacts to them. The blood's hemoglobin is oxygenated in the lungs and the arteries then carry the oxygenated blood to deliver oxygen to tissues throughout the body. The veins carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart.
A palm scanner illuminates the palm with near-infrared light, which is absorbed by the deoxidized hemoglobin flowing through the veins. Deoxygenated hemoglobin absorbs more light, reducing the ability of the veins to reflect the light back and causing them to appear as a black pattern that is captured as an image by the system’s camera. The raw data for that image is then processed and compared to a stored record for the individual in question.
Advantages of PVBI
Vascular matching systems rely on the uniqueness of vein patterns in each person, which differ more markedly from one individual to another than the patterns of fingerprints and palm prints. Because the veins are located beneath the skin’s surface and, furthermore, the scans rely on blood flowing through living humans, palm vein scans are virtually impossible to counterfeit. The systems are typically contactless, which makes them more hygienic than touch-based systems. That consideration is particularly important for healthcare environments and high-traffic venues such as supermarkets. Palm scanners are also more protective of individual privacy than some biometric technologies, such as facial recognition, because a sample cannot usually be captured without the person’s knowledge or consent. One exception to that rule, however, is a healthcare context, where a palm scan could enable identification of an unconscious individual.
